Table 3 Handling of treatment in the analyses of prognostic model studies

Treated patients excluded from the analysis

20 (15)

53 (39)

38 (26)

 Antihypertensive medication users

4 (3)

6 (4)

6 (4)

 Lipid-lowering medication users

6 (5)

10 (7)

16 (11)

 Other medication users

1 (1)

2 (1)

1 (1)

 Lifestyle interventions

0

0

0

 Patients who received surgery

14 (10)

39 (29)

22 (15)

Untreated patients-only sensitivity analysis

9 (7)

5 (4)

4 (3)

Stratification by treatment use

1 (1)

0

0

Treatment included in the outcome

23 (19)

58 (43)

35 (24)

Treatment modelled as a predictor

54 (44)

48 (59)^a

–

 Antihypertensive medication use

49 (40)

44 (54)^a

–

 Lipid-lowering medication use

12 (10)

15 (11)^a

–

 Other medication use

2 (2)

5 (4)^a

–

 Lifestyle interventions

1 (1)

0^a

–

 Surgical interventions

0

0^a

–

 Modelled directly (not a composite predictor^b)

37 (30)

44 (54)^a

–

 Baseline treatment

41 (33)

36 (44)^a

–

 Changes in treatment during follow-up

0

0^a

–

 Treatment at the end of follow-up

0

1 (1)^a

–

 Not clearly reported

12 (10)

11 (8)

–

Statistical interactions with treatment considered

21 (17)

7 (5)^a

–