Table 2 Performance of the ovarian cancer models based on the determined sample size for various fixed and adaptive sample size methods. Results are shown as medians (with interquartile ranges) across 500 repetitions

 Fixed^a: 10 EPP

250 (250–250)

11 (11–12)

0.914 (0.901–0.926)

0.813 (0.776–0.845)

 Fixed^a: Riley’s method

350 (350–350)

16 (16–17)

0.916 (0.904–0.927)

0.884 (0.860–0.899)

 Adaptive: stopping rule 1^b

450 (450–500)

22 (20–24)

0.916 (0.907–0.926)

0.921 (0.914–0.930)

 Adaptive: stopping rule 2^b

500 (450–550)

23 (21–24)

0.918 (0.908–0.927)

0.924 (0.916–0.933)

 Fixed^a: 10 EPP

350 (300–350)

11 (10–11)

0.925 (0.915–0.935)

0.840 (0.813–0.859)

 Fixed^a: Riley’s method

450 (450–450)

15 (14–15)

0.926 (0.917–0.935)

0.893 (0.878–0.903)

 Adaptive: stopping rule 1^b

550 (500–600)

18 (17–19)

0.928 (0.919–0.935)

0.917 (0.900–0.945)

 Adaptive: stopping rule 2^b

600 (550–600)

19 (18–20)

0.928 (0.920–0.935)

0.921 (0.914–0.927)

 Fixed^a: 10 EPP

250 (200–250)

11 (10–12)

0.914 (0.897–0.929)

0.944 (0.927–0.959)

 Fixed^a: Riley’s method

350 (350–350)

16 (16–17)

0.915 (0.903–0.927)

0.958 (0.949–0.968)

 Adaptive: stopping rule 1^b

250 (200–250)

11 (10–12)

0.916 (0.901–0.930)

0.947 (0.933–0.964)

 Adaptive: stopping rule 2^b

400 (350–450)

18 (17–21)

0.916 (0.906–0.928)

0.964 (0.956–0.973)

 Fixed^a: 10 EPP

250 (250–250)

11 (11–12)

0.909 (0.894–0.925)

0.892 (0.875–0.907)

 Fixed^a: Riley’s method

350 (350–350)

16 (16–17)

0.913 (0.903–0.925)

0.907 (0.904–0.928)

 Adaptive: stopping rule 1^b

350 (300–400)

16 (13–18)

0.913 (0.901–0.926)

0.918 (0.910–0.926)

 Adaptive: stopping rule 2^b

400 (350–450)

18 (15–21)

0.915 (0.905–0.927)

0.926 (0.918–0.935)