Table 2 Development analysis characteristics of the 62 included publications, by study type

Development characteristics

Data source*

  Randomised controlled trial

1 (1.6)

-

1 (7.1)

  Prospective cohort

9 (14.5)

9 (18.8)

-

  Retrospective cohort

14 (22.6)

11 (22.9)

3 (21.4)

  Registry

21 (33.9)

15 (31.3)

6 (42.9)

  Routine care database

9 (14.5)

7 (14.6)

2 (14.3)

  Other**

3 (4.8)

2 (4.2)

1 (7.1)

  Unclear

5 (8.1)

4 (8.3)

1 (7.1)

Setting***

  Primary care

2 (3.2)

2 (4.2)

-

  Secondary care

36 (58.1)

29 (60.4)

7 (50)

  Tertiary care

10 (16.1)

7 (14.6)

3 (21.4)

  General population

5 (8.1)

3 (6.3)

2 (14.3)

  Other****

3 (4.8)

3 (6.3)

-

  Unclear

6 (9.7)

4 (8.3)

2 (14.3)

Multicentre*****

  No

26 (41.9)

24 (50)

2 (14.3)

  Yes

13 (21)

7 (14.6)

6 (42.9)

  Unclear

23 (37.1)

17 (35.4)

6 (42.9)

Geographic location******

  South America

2 (3.2)

2 (4.2)

-

  Asia

8 (12.9)

6 (12.5)

2 (14.3)

  Europe

13 (21)

13 (27.1)

-

  Canada

3 (4.8)

3 (6.3)

-

  USA

21 (33.9)

15 (31.3)

6 (42.9)

  Europe, North America, Australia

1 (1.6)

1 (2.1)

-

  Europe, South America

1 (1.6)

-

1 (7.1)

  South Asia, USA

1 (1.6)

1 (2.1)

-

  Unclear

12 (19.4)

7 (14.6)

5 (35.7)

Intended user

  Health care providers

34 (54.8)

27 (56.3)

7 (50)

  Public/patients

2 (3.2)

2 (4.2)

-

  Researchers

1 (1.6)

1 (2.1)

-

  Health care providers and patient/public

4 (6.5)

1 (2.1)

3 (21.4)

  Health care providers and researchers

2 (3.2)

2 (4.2)

-

  Unclear

19 (30.6)

15 (31.3)

4 (28.6)

  Aim of model

  Predict risk

36 (58.1)

25 (52.1)

11 (78.6)

  Classify patients

25 (40.3)

23 (47.9)

2 (14.3)

  Predict length of stay (continuous outcome)

1 (1.6)

-

1 (7.1)